Heat Pump Balance Point

All calculators
Formula
Solve HP capacity(T) = building load(T) — below this temp, strip / aux heat takes over
Pull HP capacity at 47°F and 17°F from AHRI cert sheet. Building load is your design heat loss at design outdoor temp.
Building load
Heat pump capacity (AHRI)
Economic crossover
Thermal balance point
23°F
Below this OAT, you need aux heat to meet load
Heat pump $/MMBTU$21.32
Electric strip $/MMBTU$46.89

How to use this calculator

Determine the outdoor temperature where heat pump capacity equals building heat loss.

  1. Enter the building design heat loss at the design outdoor temperature.
  2. Enter heat pump capacity at two rating temperatures, typically 47 °F and 17 °F.
  3. Read the balance point where the capacity line crosses the load line.
  4. Size auxiliary heat to cover the gap below that temperature.

Frequently asked questions

What is a heat pump balance point?
The outdoor temperature at which the heat pump's output exactly matches the building's heat loss. Below it, supplemental heat is required.
What is a typical balance point?
Conventional heat pumps usually balance between 25 °F and 35 °F; cold-climate inverter units can stay ahead of the load down to 5 °F or below.
How much auxiliary heat do I need?
Enough to cover the difference between design heat loss and heat pump output at the design temperature — no more, since oversized strip heat is expensive to run.